The flowers ripen into bright red, acidic, edible cherry-like fruits, which give this tree its common name of Cornelian Cherry (Cornel is another word for dogwood). It looks fantastic when the morning or afternoon sun is behind it and shines through the branches. It flowers early in the year (which is great for bees), usually starting in February, sometimes January, with loads of small, yellow, witch hazel-like flowers appearing on the bare branches. The datasets provide a potentially permanent record of at-risk specimens, can be made widely available to researchers unable to visit the collections and to other interested parties, and they enable monitoring for future conservation.Cornus mas: Bareroot Cornelian Cherry HedgingĬornus mas, the Cornelian Cherry, or edible dogwood, is a small tree or large shrub and is ideal as either a specimen or as part of a mixed hedge.
These achievements have been accomplished with minimal risk to specimens, which remained in silicone oil and were studied within the museum. Digital sections through specimens can be made in any orientation and digital locule casts can be produced for studies in virtual taphonomy.
CORNUS MAS CONCERNS MANUAL
However, manual labelling of individual slices is required and defining boundaries between features can be difficult due to differential pyritization and silicone oil permeation. Labelling and segmentation to visualise important structures is achievable with these micro-CT datasets. Further work is needed to optimise visualization of fine-scale cellular detail. Silicone oil alone has a similar X-ray attenuation to parts of the specimens, causing minor uncertainty for digitally rendered surfaces, but key systematic characters are readily visualised.
CORNUS MAS CONCERNS CRACKED
X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has revealed internal morphology for multiple holotypes (including severely cracked and encrusted specimens) scanned in the protective fluid. Pyrite-permineralized fruits and seeds from the London Clay Formation (Ypresian, England) in the NHMUK are stored in silicone oil to retard decay processes. This work shows that the fruits of these three genera are distinctive in their morphology and anatomy, allowing for identification of fossils to the generic level, and supports the previous recognition of Torricellia from the middle Eocene of North America and from the middle Eocene to middle Miocene of Europe. A germination valve is located near the apex of the fertile locule in Torricellia and runs the length of the fertile locule in Melanophylla and Aralidium fruits. In all three genera, the sterile lateral carpels each contain a prominent circular to elliptical aperture in the endocarp wall. In Torricellia and Melanophylla the sterile lateral locules become larger than the central seed-bearing locule, but in Aralidium the pair of sterile locules becomes enveloped within the greatly enlarged fertile locule. The fruits vary from subglobose (Tor-ricellia) to boat shaped (Melanophylla) to elongate-ellipsoidal (Aralidium) but are consistent in being tricarpel-late and trilocular but with only one fertile locule.
Application of X-ray tomography to fossil and extant fruits has augmented traditional approaches of physical sectioning and LM to facilitate more thorough systematic comparisons. Fruits of all three genera, endemic to eastern Asia, Madagascar, and Malesia, respectively, were compared morphologically and anatomically as a basis for evaluating systematic relationships among extant and fossil representatives. as members of the same angiosperm family, Torricelliaceae, has come relatively recently, bolstered by analyses of molecular sequence data. Recognition of Torricellia DC, Melanophylla Baker, and Aralidium Miq.
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